Education is one of the biggest issue that a country should seriously deal with to escalade the ladder of development and modernity. In all cases there is no country which can really develop unless its citizens are educated. However every government has challenges to deal with beside this matter. There are countries that are already on the summit of their educational development such as the US, while other countries are still struggling to improve their educational system such as Morocco.
Education is the sector that should be given more interest in order to lead the government forward. The situation of Moroccan education is unsatisfactory due to many variables that are linked to students, teachers, parents and policy makers. After the independence from the French colonization, Morocco adopted the policy of the Arabization of the educational system. It made the whole education system in the Arabic language after it had been in French language in the years of protectorate. That created a division in the education system. Moroccans from the middle and poor class study in the Arabic system, where the rich class study in the French system that colonization left behind. This division of the system of education may result in having two types of graduates: Frenchified ones who may get lucrative jobs and Arabized ones left with not well paid ones. This is what has created a big issue and made a hierarchical in the educational structure, because the labor market and universities demand French language as the first language spoken. That made all higher positions go to people who study in the French system.
One of the biggest challenge for education in Morocco is illiteracy. The adult illiteracy rate is still at a high of around 40 percent in 2007, despite efforts being made since independence in 1956 to reduce the rate of illiteracy which at that time was 87 percent, the budget of education in Morocco is weak compared to other countries. There is not enough money to restore some schools, and to build other institutes in many far areas. In fact, Morocco has only 14 universities. Besides, they are some students who rely on cheating and believing on stereotypes which said that Morocco isn't the better country to realise their aspirations.
Where in the other part, the educational system in the US is very different. The United States has no central Ministry of Education. This is the defining feature of U.S higher education. There is Department of Education, but it is by far the smallest federal department. It doesn’t run schools or universities. It doesn’t issue diplomas. It doesn’t write or choose curricula. So each college or university decides for itself how best to teach its students.
The great strength of U.S. higher education it’s the power dedicated for literacy, preparing every new generation to write and read is a central responsibility of the American government. And the emphasis that No child left behind has only increased the centrality of literacy rate. The pedagogy of the American educational system is to interact with intellectually challenging content even as it sharpens the ability of the students to make them think.
We have always understood that education is the basic element in any country’s development. Some countries work seriously to improve their educational system for a better future for their citizens. Other countries found that it’s beneficial to keep their educational system on low rate to control their citizens.
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